POWER QUALITY-THE QUALITY OF POWER

gives better power quality

Power quality determines the fitness of electric power to consumer devices. Synchronization of the voltage frequency and phase allows electrical systems to function in their intended manner without significant loss of performance or life. The term is used to describe electric power that drives an electrical load and the load's ability to function properly. Without the proper power, an electrical device (or load) may malfunction, fail prematurely or not operate at all. There are many ways in which electric power can be of poor quality and many more causes of such poor quality power.

The electric power industry comprises electricity generation (AC power), electric power transmission and ultimately electric power distribution to an electricity meter located at the premises of the end user of the electric power. The electricity then moves through the wiring system of the end user until it reaches the load. The complexity of the system to move electric energy from the point of production to the point of consumption combined with variations in weather, generation, demand and other factors provide many opportunities for the quality of supply to be compromised.

While "power quality" is a convenient term for many, it is the quality of the voltage—rather than power or electric current—that is actually described by the term. Power is simply the flow of energy and the current demanded by a load is largely uncontrollable.

it is often useful to think of power quality as a compatibility problem: is the equipment connected to the grid compatible with the events on the grid, and is the power delivered by the grid, including the events, compatible with the equipment that is connected? Compatibility problems always have at least two solutions: in this case, either clean up the power, or make the equipment tougher.

The tolerance of data-processing equipment to voltage variations is often characterized by the CBEMA curve, which give the duration and magnitude of voltage variations that can be tolerated.

Ideally, AC voltage is supplied by a utility as sinusoidal having an amplitude and frequency given by national standards (in the case of mains) or system specifications (in the case of a power feed not directly attached to the mains) with an impedance of zero ohms at all frequencies

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Active Harmonic Filter

Active Harmonic Filter

Active Harmonic Filter-

Active Harmonic filters use IGBT fired circuits to mitigate harmonic distortions in the load or the network of loads where they are installed. They can be separately installed on prominent individual loads generating harmonics or combined AHF unit on mains. The combination of both can also be used. It all depends on level of harmonics, type of operational issue for which it is being installed or level of compliance to standards as per utility / distribution company.

Active Harmonic Filter eliminate harmonic injected into the mains supply by non-linear loads. Its response time is extremely fast and is connected in parallel to the load which is to be compensated.


Technical Specification-

Rating	30A	60A	100A	150A	200A	300A	400A	500A	600A
Input Voltage Range	415V, 3 Phase + N (+10%, -20%)
Input Freq. Range	50Hz (±10%)  (60Hz, Optional)
Capacity	30A	60A	100A	150A	200A	300A	400A	500A	600A
Harmonic Filtering	Non zero sequence 2nd to 5th harmonic compensation, Attenuation ratio up to 96%
Enclosure Protection	IP40
Installation	Floor mounting Cable Entry from Bottom
Accustic Noise Legel	< 65 dBA
Operating Temp.	0 to 45 Deg. C
Relative Humidity	upto 95% (non-condensing)

*  200 mm free space below and above required for air ventilation. Floor mounting with air ventilation rack

Dimenison in mm-
Rating	30A	60A	100A	150A	200A	300A	400A	500A	600A
Height	1000	1000	1750	1750	1750	1750	1750	1750	1750
Width	620	620	800	800	800	800	1000	1000	1000
Depth	450	450	800	800	800	800	850	850	850

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please gives your ideas and suggestion

energy auditor in india

Naac energy is certified energy audit company and done successful energy audits in past with satisfied customer with repitive audits.

Energy audit is a technique used to establish pattern of energy use; identify how and where loses are occurring; and suggest appropriate economically viable engineering solutions to enhance energy efficiency in the system studied.

Instrumented and diagnostic energy audits (with aims ranging from identifying ways of conserving energy to evolution of a new blue print for the energy system) provide insight into the modes of better utilization of fossil resources and high-grade energy and exploration of renewable energy options.

When the object of study is an occupied building then reducing energy consumption while maintaining or improving human comfort, health and safety are of primary concern. Beyond simply identifying the sources of energy use, an energy audit seeks to prioritize the energy uses according to the greatest to least cost effective opportunities for energy savings.

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naac energy -the panel builders with advanced technology

NAAC ENERGY CONTROLS PVT LIMITED offers under NEPTUNE brand the most advanced and best in World Power Quality Solutions like Dynamic Thyristor Switched Real Time Power Factor Correction Systems,Detuned / Tuned APFC / Harmonic Filtration Equipment, Active Harmonic Filtration System and their Hybrid combination. Our service division offers high quality power quality audits, root cause analysis and comprehensive energy audits of Industrial and commercial installation. 

We also build electrical panels in order to provide better power factor and power correction systems.

We build from lowest KVARS to highest KVARS panels for providing many power factor solutions with

Advanced technology and better performance.

We have installed our panels in most automobile industries ,it sectors,govt sectors,and many more leading industries.

We have over 25000 satisfied customers regarding panels and other solutions.

For any enquiry related to panels and our products please feel free to contact us on:

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power factor correction

POWER FACTOR is the ratio between the useful (true) power (kW) to the total (apparent) power (kVA) consumed by an item of a.c. electrical equipment or a complete electrical installation. It is a measure of how efficiently electrical power is converted into useful work output. The ideal power factor is unity, or one. Anything less than one means that extra power is required to achieve the actual task at hand. All current flow causes losses both in the supply and distribution system. A load with a power factor of 1.0 results in the most efficient loading of the supply. A load with a power factor of, say, 0.8, results in much higher losses in the supply system and a higher bill for the consumer. A comparatively small improvement in power factor can bring about a significant reduction in losses since losses are proportional to the square of the current. When the power factor is less than one the ‘missing’ power is known as reactive power which unfortunately is necessary to provide a magnetising field required by motors and other inductive loads to perform their desired functions. Reactive power can also be interpreted as wattless, magnetising or wasted power and it represents an extra burden on the electricity supply system and on the consumer’s bill. A poor power factor is usually the result of a significant phase difference between the voltage and current at the load terminals, or it can be due to a high harmonic content or a distorted current waveform. A poor power factor is generally the result of an inductive load such as an induction motor, a power transformer, a ballast in a luminaire, a welding set or an induction furnace. A distorted current waveform can be the result of a rectifier, an inverter, a variable speed drive, a switched mode power supply, discharge lighting or other electronic loads. A poor power factor due to inductive loads can be improved by the addition of power factor correction equipment, but a poor power factor due to a distorted current waveform requires a change in equipment design or the addition of harmonic filters. Some inverters are quoted as having a power factor of better than 0.95 when, in reality, the true power factor is between 0.5 and 0.75. The figure of 0.95 is based on the cosine of the angle between the voltage and current but does not take into account that the current waveform is discontinuous and therefore contributes to increased losses. An inductive load requires a magnetic field to operate and in creating such a magnetic field causes the current to be out of phase with the voltage (the current lags the voltage). Power factor correction is the process of compensating for the lagging current by creating a leading current by connecting capacitors to the supply. A sufficient capacitance is connected so that the power factor is adjusted to be as close to unity as possible.

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save energy save life

ENERGY-THE LIFE LINE

Saving energy means decreasing the amount of energy used while achieving a similar outcome of end use. Using less energy has lots of benefits – you can save money and help the environment. Generating energy requires precious natural resources, for instance coal, oil or gas. Therefore, using less energy helps us to preserve these resources and make them last longer in the future.

Why is it important to save energy? If people use less energy, there is less pressure to increase the available supply of energy, for example by constructing new power plants, or by importing energy from a different country. What does “life-cycle” mean? What does it have to do with energy use?Nearly all everyday products have an impact in terms of energy, especially when you consider their energy requirements across the whole life-cycle: production, use and end-of-life. In many cases the use phase is dominating. Plastics, for example, are one of the most resource-efficient materials available. In their use phase, plastics products help to save more energy than is needed to produce them: For example, when you choose a bottle of water packaged in a light weight material such as plastic, remember that lighter packaging requires less energy for transport. Thus, less fuel was used to power the truck that delivered those plastic bottles. What can I do to save energy? There are many sources on the web that give you ideas of what you can do to save energy. Here are a few ideas to get you started: ·         Change your travel behaviour, think more in terms of public transportation, if possible, walk or ride your bicycle instead of taking the car ·         Reduce your house heat by 1C, keep the windows closed while heating, dress warmly ·         Choose products that come with lightweight packaging ·         Turn off lights and appliances when you are not using them, use energy-saving light bulbs ·         Reuse plastic bags for shopping and storage ·         Use a microwave instead of a stove to reheat food ·         Use rechargeable batteries instead of disposable batteries What effect do materials have on the environment?   In our daily life, we rely on many materials. Wood, metal, glass and plastics all have environmental consequences. Think about the impact of every product you use. For example, the lighter an object, the less fuel is required to transport it. A heavy suitcase in the boot of a car will require the car to consume more fuel during its journey. The same goes for all product packaging. Therefore, buying food wrapped in lightweight materials thus helps the environment.

energy audit-a way to use energy efficiently

What exactly is an Energy Audit?
An Energy Audit is an assessment of how much energy a premise/factory/building consumes, combined with suggestions on how you can make yourself more energy-efficient. An audit shows where you are losing energy which can be avoided, and how your insulation, heating,cooling systems, lighting systems, electrical systems and appliances, could be made more efficient.

VCONSERVE offer its specialized Energy Audit Service

• Energy Audit will be divided into three categories;
  • Category I shall be the Baseline study for benchmarking.
  • Category II shall be Detailed Energy Audit and Analysis.
  • Category III shall be Investment Grade Energy Audit
• Post Audit Implementation of Energy Saving Proposals.
• Provide accurate & detailed report on potential of energy savings after evaluating the performance of all equipments for example :

Thermal Imaging (Thermography)

Analyze surface temperature pattern of affected equipment to detect problems of load imbalance, overloads, arching, panels, transformers bus bars, heating of motors,terminals,bearing, leaks and cracking areas for mechanical utilities such as shafts,furnace and compressors.

Water Audit & ConservationProvide water audit for analyzing the opportunities of reuse,effluent treatment & rainwater harvesting opportunities for water conservation.
Health Check-Up of Plant EquipmentPredictive Maintenance of plant utilities through test like Earth & Insulation resistance, H.V.test, Tan?, Noise level, vibration analysis & relay calibration etc.
Renewable Energy Advisory & SolutionsConsultancy on CDM, REC & Energy saving certificate & preparing feasibility report for renewable energies such as Solar, Wind, Energy efficient solutions & providing support for their implementation.
TraningProvide traning to senior, middle & Junior management staff on Energy Conservation, Energy Management System ISO 50001, Plant safety & Waste reduction.

Benefits of Energy Audit offered by We

• Reasonably priced energy audit
• Exclusive customer focus, i.e., one team for one customer at one time for giving timely & dedicated service.
• Good Quality & Unbiased Energy Audit reports
  .

THE POWER OF CAPACITOR

DUCA POWER

The capacitors making up the DUCAPOWER Super Heavy Duty Series are used in static & automatic power factor correction equipment. The series has three capacitor elements wired internally in a delta connection.
The capacitors making up the new series are obtained using three elements wound with the new PPMh and positionated inside metal case. The use of impregnation technology and positioning of the individual elements inside the case assure extremely high capacitor performance in terms of heat dissipation, as well as ensuring a long life and excellent ground insulation.
This series is used in practically all Neptune Thyristor Switched Power Factor Correction Systems which rely on three-phase capacitors. In fact, the above-described characteristics make these capacitors especially suitable for continuous duty under highly demanding conditions in harmonic rich environments.

APPLICATION ADVANTAGES OF AHF 2

 To reduce harmonics and improve power factor of UPS, rectifiers, AC & DC drives etc. in industrial and commercial installations. • Performance meets IEEE and compliance to other international standards. • Can be used at the output of UPS, to reduce harmonic effects on UPS and increase available capacity. UPS will supply only fundamental and active power. • Can be used as Hybrid filter combination of Activcomp with Active Filter resulting in reduction of cost and rating of active filter. • Industries with Harmonic generating loads, Hospitals, Data Centers and IT facilities, Office Buildings, Airports, Shopping Plazas etc Major Advantage to the customers are : • Improvement in reliability of the electrical system, reduction in cable and transformer losses. • Better utilization of distribution Transformer & Generator • Increases efficiency, capacitor life, PF, uptime. • Easy to commission and use Features • 32 bit, DSP control • PF compensation, leading as well as lagging • Load Balancing • Employees high speed IGBTs in power circuit • Internal CAN Communication • Closed loop active filter with source current sensing • High attenuation up to 96 % of individual harmonics • Programmable selective harmonic elimination • Required PF can be set from 0.7 to unity • Selection between PF and harmonic compensation • Remote monitoring and diagnosis • Self-current limiting, under overloading condition • Automatic current limit modification with respect to ambient temperature • Alarm log with date and time stamp for fault diagnosis. • User friendly PC Interface • CE Marking.

Transient and Flicker analysis

They are known in form of spikes, swells and surges. It is very common power quality problem in a network. It can cause lot of software and hardware problems. They is normally very hard to detect as occur for very short period. Voltage flicker or fluctuation is again a very common phenomenon witnessed in many networks causing damage to equipment in Network. Studies are conducted to check the level of these in network and subsequently to offer solutions and remedy for the same.

WarpNet has been developed to provide users with a simple, practical to for controlling analyzer networks connected to a Personal Computer, The software is supplied in the form of a CD ROM complete with user manuals , Both the program and manuals are available in Italian and English. WarpNet communicates with the network instruments through serial orts. The program can manage all the instruments making up the Ducati range.

SMART Più
Smart LT
MACH 20/30
RMI
DAT Più (Integrated instrument n°99)

Besides of course any additional new generation instruments that may be developed Thanks to an updateable DATABASE, the software can distinguish the types of instruments connected to the network and treats them accordingly (e.g. By enabling for selection only the measurements that can be performed with a given instrument). The software can theoretically govern a very large number of instruments: with four serial ports up to 392 instruments can be manage
for more information
visit :http://www.naacenergy.com/warpnet.html#Features

harmonics in network

A harmonic is defined as one of the components obtained from the breakdown of a periodic wave in the Fourier series. The order of a harmonic is further defined as the ratio between the frequency of the harmonic and the fundamental frequency of the periodic wave considered.

Negative Effects of Harmonics :

v  The capacitors are subjected to a voltage overload and their lifetime is drastically reduced.

v  Connection of the capacitor causes a large increase in the voltage distortion factor THD(V) & THD (I).

v   Reduced motor life, inability to fully load motor.

v  The user transformers, wires and loads are affected by this increase in current.

v  This reduces the capacity of transformer resulting into economic loss as well.

v  High voltage distortion shall also be encountered when shifting from mains to emergency generator.

v  Large current in neutral wires of power distribution system.

How to Control the HARMONICS :

PFC System with Harmonic Block Reactors (Detuned & Tuned)

v  Floor mounting series for medium to large industries.

v  Available from 125 to 1000 KVAr rating.

v  Advanced 3 Ph. controller with inbuilt  Load Analyzer.

v  3 Phase Energy Analyzer with Data Logger (Optional)

v  3 CT as single CT input for controller.

v  Auto Manual selection through Selector Switch

v  Axial Flow/Centrifugal Fan controlled through thermostat.

v  Upto 3 years Warranty with Long Life LL-10 Capacitors

power factor study by naac energy

NECPL offers Power Factor Study after analyzing consumer power factor in last 12 months billing cycle. The study is carried out at Mains (Upstream) and at various major Load Points / feeders (Downstream). It shall help in following way

• Designing and implementing the Correct and suitable P.F. Correction system scheme for the network in terms of Location, rating, sequence, voltage, type etc.
• To avoid penalties and to take incentive from utility company by maintaining higher power factor.
• To avoid any negative interaction between Non Linear Loads (Harmonic Source) and capacitor Banks
• Helps in Improving the efficiency existing system by checking APFC / capacitor health.

our joint venture partners

Activcomp Thyristor Switched

The Activcomp is a state of the art, electronic switching system designed for Power factor Correction & Harmonic filtration.

Connection and disconnection of the capacitors to and from the network occurs at zero current crossing. This smooth connection avoids the transient effects typically created by electro mechanically switched PFC systems.

The electronic switches do not wear out or deteriorate during the switching process and the capacitors are not adversely affected by transients. These advantages contribute to a much longer life expectancy compared with electro mechanically switched PFC systems.

The power factor is controlled very accurately by means of an advanced closed loop control & measuring unit, that takes into consideration all three phases and the effect of harmonics (1 through 63).

The Activcomp system is equipped with a unique scan feature that protects capacitors from "exploding" and contributes to longer life expectancy. This is achieved by reducing over-current and overheating in the capacitors which may result from harmonics on the mains. The switching element can perform an unlimited number of switching operations. The connection of one group of capacitors occurs simultaneously with the disconnection of another group. This operation is performed every few seconds and engages all capacitor group in turn, resulting in a reduction of mean current due to the lower ratio of engagement time to cycle time (duty cycle).

The scan feature, together with the unique reactor design, substantially reduces the temperature rise of the reactors and protects the cabinet from overheating.

Controller

A digital signal processor (DSP) and a VLSI component form the basis of the controller's technology. It features an LCD display, analog and digital circuitry, precise firing algorithms and optional communication capabilities. The controller has 9 input channels; 4 voltages (for Wye networks), 3 main currents and 2 internal system currents. The information obtained from these measurements is used for Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis, performed each network cycle on all channels. Further harmonics are calculated on all phases, allowing the Activcomp to achieve ideal compensation even in the presence of harmonics.

The Activcomp's controller is available with a choice of data gathering levels, from essential power parameter measurements only (V, I, f, kW, kVA, kVAr) to complete power system performance monitoring that takes advantage of the comprehensive measurement system (over 2,000 electrical parameters, including min/max levels and four-quadrant measurement of power and power factor).

The large LCD display is full-graphic, 160x128 pixels, and has long-lasting LED backlighting with FSTN technology. Characters are displayed in varying sizes and methods to enhance visibility. These include a Large Digits display, Harmonic spectrums, real-time Waveform plots and simple Text screens that include menus, easy-to-use setup programs and various measurements.

General Specifications:

Operational Mode

• Manual
• Automatic
• Test

Scan mode

Display Structure :

• Graphic, high contrast FSTN LCD
• 4.7", Black/White
• Long life LED backlight
• Antiglare coated polycarbonate window

Functions :

• Menu driven operation
• Self explained windows
• User friendly 
• Easy installation using wizard

Display Modes

• Large Digit Screen-displays 9 numerical values
• Waveform Screen - displays wave shape together with waveform detailed information
• Harmonics Screen - displays complete harmonic spectrum, including each harmonic details from 1st to 63rd (amplitude, percentage and phase shift).

Built in Power Quality measurement system

Simultaneous measurement of the following sections:

• Mains (total of load and capacitor)
• Load
• Capacitor (system)
• Combination of Mains, Load and Capacitors.

For example, if reactive energy parameter is selected, the user can see the KVAr consumption by the Load, the connected KVAr by the Capacitor System and the result on the Mains.

Calculation Method

• True RMS measurements (up to 63rd harmonics).
• Based on FFT algorithm which is carried out cycle to cycle (128 samples per cycle).

Error & Alarms

• Self explained, automatic capacitor group self test procedure
• Blown fuse error
• Shorted SCR error
• Over temperature alarm
• Parallel resonance detection mechanism

The system identifies the resonance frequency (5th, 7th etc.) and disables the connection of the Capacitors groups as soon as resonance occurs.

• Phase sequence error detection
• Frequency margins error detection
• Spikes detection
• Automatic recording of all troubleshooting related Events including time (year, month, day, hour, minute, second, Cycle number), up to 16,000 events, stored in FIFO Configurations.
• Voltage free contact (N.O./N.C.) Alarm relay

Communication.

• Isolated RS485
• Up to 115k Baud Rate
• Protocols options: ELCOM-( High-Speed Communication protocol) ModBus/RTU (IEEE 754 Floating Point)
• Full remote control

Software & Network Solutions

Power IQ - Software

• Provides complete System Remote Control
• Real Time measurements
• Time-Of-Use
• Harmonic & Waveform graphic and tabular Display
• Comprehensive Data Logging, including Triggers and set points